UPSC Daily Current Affairs Quiz : 11 June 2026

Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman, which opens into the Arabian Sea.
• Statement 2 is correct: Approximately 20% of global oil trade passes through the Strait, making it one of the world's most important energy chokepoints.
• Statement 3 is incorrect: The Strait is bordered by Iran to the north and Oman (Musandam Peninsula) and the UAE to the south; it does not lie entirely within Iranian territorial waters.
• Statement 4 is correct: Any disruption in the Strait can affect global oil supplies, raise crude oil prices, and create energy security concerns worldwide.

Answer: (a) 2, 3 and 4 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect: The primary purpose of an aircraft accident investigation is not to assign blame or determine criminal liability, but to identify causes, uncover systemic failures, recommend safety improvements, and prevent future accidents.
• Statement 2 is correct: The Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) captures cockpit conversations, alarms, and other audio information that help investigators reconstruct the sequence of events.
• Statement 3 is correct: A Ram Air Turbine (RAT) is an emergency backup device that automatically deploys in certain situations to provide essential hydraulic and electrical power when primary systems fail.
• Statement 4 is correct: The Fuel Control Switch (FCS) regulates fuel flow to aircraft engines and generally has two positions—RUN and CUTOFF

Answer: (c) 2, 3 and 4 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is incorrect: The H-1B visa is a non-immigrant work visa, not an immigrant visa granting permanent residency.
• Statement 2 is correct: It allows U.S. employers to hire foreign professionals in speciality occupations that generally require at least a bachelor's degree and specialised knowledge.
• Statement 3 is correct: Certain entities, such as universities, non-profit research organisations, and government research institutions, are exempt from the annual H-1B cap.
• Statement 4 is correct: The annual cap consists of 65,000 visas under the general quota and 20,000 additional visas for individuals holding advanced degrees from U.S. institutions.

Answer: (b) 1, 3 and 4 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: Entry 66 of the Union List empowers the Union Government to coordinate and determine standards in institutions for higher education and research.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Education is not exclusively a State subject. Following the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, education was moved from the State List to the Concurrent List, enabling both Parliament and State Legislatures to make laws on the subject.
• Statement 3 is correct: Under Article 254, when a State law conflicts with a Central law on a Concurrent List subject, the Central law generally prevails, subject to certain exceptions.
• Statement 4 is correct: The Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) is a key reform under the National Education Policy 2020, allowing students to accumulate, store, and transfer academic credits between recognised institutions.

Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 3 only

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: SAPLING stands for South Asian Policy Leadership for Improved Nutrition and Growth.
• Statement 2 is correct: The dialogue was jointly organised by the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI), Government of India, and the World Bank Group.
• Statement 3 is correct: Key objectives included promoting value addition in agriculture, strengthening food processing, encouraging technology adoption, and enhancing farmer incomes.
• Statement 4 is incorrect: The dialogue had a much broader focus, including employment generation, nutrition security, sustainable food systems, regional cooperation, and support for MSMEs and women entrepreneurs.