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UPSC Prelims 2024 Question on Countries with Low Birth Rates and Ageing Population
Q. Consider the following countries:
1. Italy
2. Japan
3. Nigeria
4. South Korea
5. South Africa
Which of the above countries are frequently mentioned in the media for their low birth rates, ageing population or declining population?
✅ Correct Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4
Explanation:
- Italy: ✅ Correct. Italy has seen births fall to historic lows and a declining resident population in recent years.
- Japan: ✅ Correct. Japan has faced consecutive years of record-low births and long-term depopulation trends.
- Nigeria: ❌ Incorrect. Nigeria has a high fertility rate and a rapidly growing population.
- South Korea: ✅ Correct. South Korea records among the world’s lowest fertility rates and an ageing population.
- South Africa: ❌ Incorrect. South Africa’s population is projected to grow in the coming decades.
